Dr.
Engel, Elisabeth
ibecbarcelona.eu
Tissue engineering of bone, vascular and neural tissue / Development of biomaterials for tissue regeneration / Research at the biointerface between surface materials and biological entities / Surface functionalisation / Stem cells research / Mesenchimal stem cells differentiation (Bone Regeneration), Endothelial Progenitor cells from Bone Marrow (Angiogenesis and Endothelisation), and Neural progenitor cells (Neural Regeneration)
Research in the Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies group is devoted to the development of innovative biomaterials and scaffolds for tissue regeneration. Bioactive and biodegradable materials are developed and studied and their interactions with biological entities are investigated both from their fundamental aspects and their specific applications for tissue engineering purposes, the aim of which is the repair and the functional restoration of tissues or organs by means of 3D scaffolds, cells and signals.
The group masters its own techniques to synthesize and to process biomaterials such as biodegradable polymers, calcium phosphate glasses and glass-ceramics, and their combination into composites and hybrids. Different fabrication techniques such as solvent-casting, rapid prototyping, electrospinning and micro-nano particles production allow the obtention of 3D scaffolds with tuned geometry, inner architecture, handability, mechanical properties and surface properties, useful for different clinical applications. In this direction, surface functionalisation with different biochemical cues to signal the biological environment as well as the incorporation of topographical and mechanical features have been optimized. The group has also the capacity to isolate and culture stem and precursor cells for the in vitro biological characterization of the developed scaffolds for tissue engineering.
In 2012, important progress was made towards the synthesis of new materials with ion release properties and angiogenic/osteogenic potential. New methods for the fabrication of 3D scaffolds and biodegradable nano and microparticles were developed and optimized. Electrospun polymer fiber based scaffolds have been developed for skin wound healing and neural regeneration. Rapid prototyping (RP) scaffolds with well-defined and reproducible architectures were set as platforms for studying bone regeneration and the inflammatory response. Injectable microparticles were developed and tested as potential cell carriers, paying particular attention to cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation as well as migration. Elastin-like Recombinant Polymers (ELR) promoting mineralization have also been explored. The combination of these materials and controlled manufacturing processes, together with their biofuncionalisation has allowed the development of new customized biodegradable systems for different clinical applications such as ophthalmology, nervous system, skin, tendon and bone.

Stem cell fate is influenced by a number of factors and interactions that require robust control for safe and effective regeneration of functional tissue. Coordinated interactions with soluble factors, other cells, and extracellular matrices define a local biochemical and mechanical microenvironment with complex and dynamic regulation that stem cells sense. In order to successfully employ healing therapies (a sub-discipline in regenerative medicine) it becomes necessary to understand these interactions as to later replicate the “regenerative niche architecture” for therapeutical benefit. Calcium is an important first and second messenger in biological systems with many functions already described, and new ones arising constantly. Calcium concentrations in extracellular fluids vary markedly, and are particularly high at sites of injury or infection. The main objective of this project is to use biomaterial scaffolds that release calcium ions or agonist to activate regeneration and achieve a self healing procedure by means of biomaterials.

